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The book Oncology in Senior Animals shows the neoplasms most commonly diagnosed in animals in the senior age range and describes their most common clinical signs, diagnostic approach, prognosis and treatment. It includes clinical cases.
Infectious bronchitis is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens characterized by respiratory signs comprising gasping, coughing, sneezing, tracheal rales and nasal discharge. In addition, severe respiratory distress may occur in young chickens. Respiratory distress, decrease in egg production, and loss of internal egg quality and eggshell quality have been reported in layers. Some strains of the virus produce severe kidney damage and may be associated with high mortality.
Growing investments in healthcare do not necessarily produce corresponding improvements in the perceived health of their recipients, whether individual patients or society as a whole. Sometimes, even the opposite is true: growing investments in healthcare lead to lower benefits perceived by patients. How to quantify the health regained by patients? How to measure what for does it really matter to them when physical health is not fully recoverable? How to help physicians and administrators identify the correct objectives and improvements? What scientific instruments can estimate the prospect of patients and society in allocating limited resources? The development of the Patient Reported Outcome Measurements (PROMs) helps answer many of these challenges.
